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Into the Future: What is IT?
Presentation 1 Notes
Diana Oblinger
February 26-27, 2002
Below is the presentation outline exported from the PowerPoint file with reference web links added.
Environment
- Done in by the Definition?
- Learning = schooling
- Being educated = college degree
- Higher education = place
- Quality teaching = most expensive person in front of students
- Secondary education = age limited
- The Next Iteration
- By the time you receive the funds from the next bond referendum:
- Internet2 will have substantially replaced the current Internet
- High-speed, all-optical networking will be commonplace (at least the backbone)
- Use of wireless will be commonplace
- Use of personal video communications will be common
- Digital TV will have replaced analog broadcasting
- The use of e-books will be common ((highly portable, high-resolution display for printed material)
Technology
- Technology Futures
- Overcoming the limitations of silicon
- Nanotechnology
- Quantum computing
- Memory and storage
- Holographic storage
- Molecular memory
- Batteries, energy and power
- Microbatteries
- Recharging with kinetic energy
- Input and sensors
- Technology Futures, continued
- Output devices
- Digital ink and electronic paper
- Flexible displays
- Pervasive computing
- Wearable devices
- Ubiquitous computing
- Virtual reality
- Internet and web technology
- Technology Futures, continued
- Top IT Challenges
- Administrative issues/ERP
- Funding IT
- Faculty development, support & training
- IT staffing and human resources
- Distance education
- Teaching and learning strategies
- IT strategic planning
- Online student services
- Maintaining network and IT infrastructure
- Electronic classrooms/technology buildings
Learning
- How People Learn (National Research Council)
- Learning through Communication ("E-Moderating: the key to teaching and learning online", Gilly Salmon)
- Five-Step Model
- Development
- Knowledge Construction
- Information Exchange
- Online Socialization
- Access and Motivation
- Learning Community
- Learning is fundamentally a social process
- Communities develop shared practice by interacting around problems and solutions
- Communities develop a common store of knowledge
- Addresses tacit knowledge creation and sharing
- More closely connects learning and doing
- Adult Learners
- Adults need to know why they are learning something
- Adults have experiences that should be built on
- Adults learn best from problem-solving, hands-on approaches to learning
- Adults expect to apply new knowledge immediately (aiding retention)
- Learning to "See" Differently
- Culturally embedded language and communication can be visual, verbal and conceptual
- What we can see depends on what we have learned to look for, to think about and to expect; this comes from our culture
- Cultural background constrains from what points of view a person can see things
- Most disciplines are situated in socially constructed contexts
- Learning Environments
- Classroom
- Online "class"
- Blended environment
- Performance support
- Simulation
- Virtual reality
- Learning community
- Knowledge management
Learners
- A New Kind of Legacy
- Is the computer an analytical, computational engine that extends our intellect?
- Is the computer (with a network) an environment for simulation, navigation and interaction?
- Ask Yourself...
- Are you more comfortable composing documents online than long-hand?
- Do you go to meetings with your laptop/PDA?
- Have you have turned your "remembering" (phone numbers, meetings, etc.) over to a technology object?
- Are you "constantly connected" (the Internet is always on, whether you are at home or at work; your cell phone is always with you)?
- Do you have over 15 years of experience playing video games?
- How many different activities can you effectively engage in at one time?
- Information Age Mindset
- Computers aren't technology
- The Internet is better than TV
- Reality is no longer real
- Doing is more important than knowing
- Nintendo over logic
- Multitasking is a way of life
- Typing is preferred to handwriting
- Staying connected is essential
- Zero tolerance for delays
- Consumer and creator are blurring
- Attitudinal Drivers
- Self-service and self-control
- Customer-service
- Demand for immediacy
- Impatience with bureaucracy
- Integrated environment
- Desire to be "connected"
- Adult Learner Characteristics
- 85% return to college to make career transitions
- 90% of adults have computer available at home or work
- 50% want morning or afternoon classes; 55% evening classes
- Important services
- Campus parking (90% drive to class)
- Library
- Computer labs
- Copy machines
Creating a Value Web
- Space Rather than Place
- Hallmark is relationships
- Multiple connections are possible
- Unlimited ability to absorb connections and relationships
- e-Care
- Using the Web to deliver information, support, services and decision-making aids
- assistance in clarifying student career or goals
- enrolling employees in human resources programs
- update personal information (e.g., address)
- answering Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
- Smarthinking
- Students ask questions of trained instructors
- Synchronous, asynchronous and pre-scheduled tutoring sessions
- Assistance available in math, statistics, economics, accounting, grammar, chemistry and Spanish
- Support provided to 100 institutions, Army and Houghton-Mifflin
- New partnerships with consortia in 6 states to provide around-the-clock tutoring and academic support
- e-Libraries
- e-Libraries are for-profit enterprises that:
- Focus on providing online access to large repositories of digital information from multiple sources
- Serve research related efforts emphasizing open-ended inquiry
- Operate on a for-profit basis
- e-Libraries are not affiliated with academic libraries
- Access is available from virtually any Internet-enabled computer
- Rapid access, search and full-text collections are characteristic
- Questia
- Targets student end-users
- Focused on liberal arts
- Content available from 130 publishers
- Plan to offer access to 50,000 titles
- Available on a subscription basis
- e-Procurement
- Using digital technology for paperless procurement
- Paperless systems reduce transaction costs
- traditional paper bill costs $0.90 in postage and processing; online services can cut cost to $0.30 or $0.50
- Traditional requisition costs $150 to process; e-procurement costs $10 - $15
- Improves efficiency
- reduced cycle time
- faster processing
- reduced error rate
- HigherMarkets
- Catalog of goods and services tailored to higher education
- eMarketplace provides tools to streamline RFP and RFQ processes
- eMarketplace can aggregate purchases with other institutions
- eCommunity provides forum for exchange of information (e.g., product reviews)
- Monthly subscription fees; operates as an ASP
- Utah; Yale: George Mason; RPI; Drew
- Net-Generation Companies
- Online admission applications
- Campus-based portals
- Online procurement
- Online course delivery
- Supplemental content providers
- Online libraries
- Online Textbook Distributors
- Advising and Tutoring
- Learning portals
- Categories of Relationships
- Transactional exchange: Commodity-like product or service (low-bid purchase of PCs)
- Performance contract: Niche product or service (e.g., outsourcing food service)
- Tailored engagement: Standard product or process is tailored for customer (e.g., redesign of administrative systems)
- Strategic alliance: Requires unique expertise, interconnected work and mutual benefit (e.g., eArmyU)
Alternative Models
- Web Services
- New approach to developing software
- Systems can interact and exchange information regardless of platform or environment
- Analogous to utility services
- XML enables interchange
- Increases flexibility and speed of deployment
- Shared Service Centers
- P-16 Education (National Commission on the High School Senior Year)
- Americans need 15 years of education over their lifetime
- US college going rate is not the world's highest (nor graduation rate)
- The senior year and graduation become a "relay station" not an end
- Move beyond separate systems to a more seamless, integrated system
- Learning Bank
- Repository for learner's academic records
- Credit
- Non-credit
- Industry certifications
- Other records of learning and accomplishment
- Can be queried similar to a credit report
- Aggregated nationwide
- Prototype: Career Management Account
- Buffet Model Courses (Twigg, 2001)
- Conduct an initial assessment of each individual
- Provide modularized array of interactive learning materials and activities
- Create individualized study plans
- Build IT based continuous assessment to provide instant feedback
- Replace single-mode instruction with differentiated personnel strategies
- Savings of up to 70% on costs of instruction
- Brand the Point of Contact
- Meta-Integration
- eArmyU partnership between:
- Army
- PwC
- Academic institutions
- Smarthinking.com
- HP
- Others
- Implemented in 27 days
- Growing enrollment (11,000+)
- Deployed worldwide (17 countries)
- Credits or Competency
- Credit-based courses proposed in 1869
- Multiple problems with current system
- Student swirling
- Lack of agreed upon achievement criteria
- New academic currency is needed
- Number of hours in a classroom does not indicate real learning
- Students learn at different rates
- Amount of time is not important, but what students know and can do
- Competency Model
- New standard requires a way to
- Describe the desired learning outcomes
- Method to determine achievement
- New standard might be:
- Achievement based
- Knowledge test in the field
- Demonstration of performance
- Portable
- Broadly recognized
- Scoring guides for assessments (rubrics) are needed to make grading more diagnostic and transportable
- New Network Culture
- Curriculum: Becomes a series of nodes formed by intersecting lines of investigation
- Courses: Online courses need not be organized linearly or sequentially; allow multiple paths
- Tutoring/mentoring: "offshore" production becomes more likely
- Credits: Floating exchange rates among institutions
- Faculty: Intellectual agility and adaptability will be required to deal with curricular flux
next: Presentation 2 Notes
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